Overview

Christy L. Ludlow and Raymond D. Kent’s text is a definitive reference for methods of measurement in speech-language sciences and disorders. It consists of the most up-to-date information on areas of measurement such as acoustics, aerodynamics, neurophysiology, kinematics, and functional and structural neuroimaging. As information on measurement in the field of speech-language—voice and swallowing is scattered across many disciplines, Ludlow and Kent have filled this void with their comprehensive text.
Research clinicians in speech language sciences and disorders, practicing clinicians, professors, and students will all find this book to be incredibly valuable for its wide scope of information and clear approach to modern methods of measurement.

Audience

Primary Subject: Voice
Secondary Subject: Speech and Language Pathology / Clinical Practicum & Professional Issues
Secondary Subject: Speech and Language Pathology / General
Audience Level: Professional/Textbook - 90 Days

Chapter 1. Acoustics of Speech
Sound waves
Fundamental frequency and Resonance
Basic acoustic properties of speech sounds

Chapter 2. Basics of Electricity
Voltage
Current
Resistance
Reactance
Power
Amplification
Using Oscilloscopes
Dynamic analogies (e.g. , aerodynamic and mechanical variables analogous to voltage, current, etc.)

Chapter 3- System Properties
Linear
Time invariant
Chaotic

Chapter 4: Principles of Measurement:
Sampling
Calibration,
Reliability,
Normalization
Signal analysis
Digitization
Filtering

Chapter 5: Electrophysiology
Generation of bioelectrical potentials
Stimulating nerves
Measuring muscle activity
Muscle verification
Calibration
Inter- and intra-subject Normalization
Measurement of field potentials
Measurement of motor units

Chapter 6: Recording Speech
Microphones
Pre-amplifiers
Amplifiers
Attenuators
Sound level meters
Filtering
Calibration of SPL
Speech and language recordings in patient environments (LENA)

Chapter 7: Analyzing Speech
Principles
Review of Speech Acoustics Software Programs
Nasometry
Acoustic reflection technology

Chapter 8: Speech Perception Measurement Methods
Discrimination curves, AB X, VAS,
Intelligibility

Chapter 9: Measuring movement
Axes of motion
Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
Accelerometers
Movement transduction,
Optical
graphical
strain gauge
miniature magnetometry
displacement calibration

Chapter10: Imaging the Vocal Tract
Videofluoroscopy
Endoscopy
Ultrasound
MRI
CT
Electropalatography

Chapter 9: Respiratory Physiology and Aerodynamics
Spirometry
Chest Movement Transduction
Airflow and Air Pressure
Nasometry
Estimating Subglottal pressure
Laryngeal Resistance

Chapter 10: Language Sampling and Analysis
Sampling language
Communicative Settings
Language Analysis software Programs

Chapter 11: Electrical and magnetic stimulation
Stimulation artifact
Grounding
Muscle stimulation
Sensory stimulation
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Separation of central from peripheral responses

Chapter 12: Measuring Brain Function and Structure
Evoked potentials
BOLD responses in fMRI
fNIRS
Magnetoencephalography
SPECT
PET
Caveats when designing functional neuroimaging experiments
Interpretation of functional and structural results
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
New methods for examining Functional and Structural Relationships

Chapter 13: Integrating Multiple Measures Simultaneously
Time Locked averaging
Multiple Channel Real Time Digitization and analysis
Integrating Video with other signal recordings
AD Instruments

Chapter 14: Measurement Strategies
Selecting Primary outcome measures
Setting up for an experiment
Debugging problems
Determining methods of analysis

Appendixes
Système International d’Unités (SI)
Conversions of measurement units
Normative stature-weight curves for males and females
Standardized reading passages

About The Authors

Christy Ludlow, Ph.D.

Christy L. Ludlow, PhD, is Professor of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Director of the Laboratory of Neural Bases of Communication and Swallowing at James Madison University in Virginia. Dr. Ludlow first served as program staff in Extramural Research administering grants and contracts at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, before she moved into the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. There she became a Senior Investigator responsible for conducting both basic and clinical research and training many postdoctoral fellows in research. Dr. Ludlow has received Honors of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, the American Laryngological Association, and the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In the last five years, Dr. Ludlow has conducted clinical trials in collaboration with industry, was responsible for Investigational Device Exemption trials under the FDA as both a Principal Investigator and Sponsor, and has filed patents for neurorehabilitation.

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Raymond Kent, Ph.D.

Raymond Kent, Ph.D. is Professor of Communicative Disorders at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His current primary research interests include: neurogenic speech disorders in children and adults, speech development in infants and young children, procedures to assess speech intelligibility and quality, acoustic analyses of speech, and theories of speech production.

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