Overview

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With an estimated human population prevalence of 1:2000, Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome (VCFS) is the second-most common multiple anomaly syndrome in humans and almost all children with the syndrome have speech and language impairments that are generally recognized to be complex and difficult to treat.

To demonstrate and to provide clinicians with expert guidance, the authors have produced a comprehensive two-volume set with a combination of text and video demonstrating the clinical features of Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome (VCFS); the communication phenotype in VCFS; the natural history of speech and language in VCFS; diagnostic procedures necessary for assessing speech and language disorders in VCFS; the treatment of speech and language impairment in VCFS; and outcomes, demonstrated by video on an accompanying CD-ROM to Volume 2.

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Audience

Primary Subject: Speech and Language Pathology / Genetics and Syndromes
Secondary Subject: Special Education
Audience Level: Professional/Textbook - 90 Days

• Preface
• Chapter 1: The History of VCFS
  • The History of VCFS
  • Two Major Events in 1992
  • Communication Disorders and VCFS
    The Significance of Two Anomalies Occurring Together
    The Implications for Speech Pathologists, Surgeons, and Other Craniofacial Specialties
  • What Do I Call It?
• Chapter 2: The Expansive Phenotype of VCFS
  • Craniofacial Anomalies
  • Ear and Hearing Anomalies
  • The Nose
  • Eye Findings
  • Cardiac Findings
  • Vascular Anomalies
  • Brain and Central Nervous System Anomalies
  • Pharyngeal, Laryngeal, and Airway Anomalies
  • Abdominal and Visceral Anomalies
  • Limb Anomalies
  • Problems in Infancy
  • Genitourinary Anomalies
  • Skeletal, Muscle, Spine, and Orthopedic Anomalies
  • Skin and Hair Findings
  • Endocrine and Immune Findings
  • Speech and Language Disorders
  • Cognitive, Learning, and Attentional Disorders
  • Psychiatric Disorders
  • Miscellaneous Anomalies
  • Secondary Developmental Sequences
  • Why the Expansive Phenotype ?
• Chapter 3: The Genetics of VCFS
  • What Does Genetic Mean?
    Mode of Inheritance
  • Describing the Genome at 22q11.2
    Determining the Nature of the Deletion in VCFS
    How the Deletion Occurs
    Identifying the Genes in the Deleted Region
    Determining What the Genes Do, Identifying
    Candidate Genes for Specific Phenotypes, and Identifying Polymorphisms
    Animal Models and Knockouts
    How Is a Deletion Different from Other Mutations?
  • Genetic Effects Outside of the 22q11.2 Region That Contribute to the Phenotype
    Epigenetic Factors That Might Contribute to the Phenotypic Spectrum
  • Genetic Counseling for VCFS
  • Mosaicism and Germline Mosaicism
  • Counseling for People with VCFS
• Chapter 4: Triage in VCFS: Utilizing the Natural History
  • Audiology (Hearing Testing)
  • Cardiology (Pediatric Cardiology)
  • Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • Clinical Genetics and Genetic Counseling
  • Dentistry and Orthodontics
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Endocrine Evaluation
  • Gastroenterology (Pediatric Gastroenterology)
  • Immunology Evaluation
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Angiography
  • Nasopharyngoscopy, FEES or FEESST, Direct Laryngoscopy, Bronchoscopy, Esophagoscopy, and Gastroscopy
  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Neurosurgical Evaluation
  • Nutrition
  • Ophthalmology (Pediatric Ophthalmology)
  • Orthopedics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Physical Therapy
  • Podiatry
  • Psychiatry
  • Pulmonology (Pediatric Pulmonology)
  • Reconstructive Surgery
  • Renal Ultrasound
  • Speech-Language Evaluation
  • Urology
  • Videofluoroscopy for Speech
  • Videofluoroscopy for Swallowing
• Chapter 5: Growth, Weight Gain, and Feeding
  • Is Short Stature a Feature of VCFS?
  • Significance of these Data and the Growth Curve
  • Possible Flaws in the Data
  • Implications
  • Feeding Therapy
    Emesis and Spitting Up Through the Nose
    Feeding Time (Duration)
    Feeding Position
    Type of Bottle and Nipple
    Burping
  • Identifying and Understanding the Factors Leading to Problems
  • What If the Child Already Has a Tube?
• Appendix: Clinical Synopsis of VCFS
• Index

About The Authors

Robert Shprintzen, Ph.D.

A founding member of the Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome Educational Foundation, Inc. and its first Executive Director, Dr. Shprintzen is Director of several programs at the State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York, including the Communication Disorder Unit, the Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome International Center, and the Center for Genetic Communicative Disorders. He is Professor of Otolaryngology and Professor of Pediatrics at Upstate. Widely published and recognized internationally, he is credited for delineating four genetic disorders, including velo-cardio-facial syndrome (also known as Shprintzen syndrome), Shprintzen-Goldberg craniosynostosis syndrome, Shprintzen-Goldberg omphalocele syndrome, and Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome.

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Karen Golding-Kushner, Ph.D.

Karen J. Golding-Kushner, Ph.D., Executive Director of The Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome Educational Foundation, Inc.

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